Yerevan, 22.October.2026,
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BREAKING


Ученые назвали возможную причину экстремально холодных зим в Европе в будущем

SOCIETY

Ученые  в составе международной научной группы пришли к выводу, что извержение вулкана Хунга Тонга — Хунга Хаапай на юге Тихого океана повлияло на температуру в Европе и может привести к экстремально холодным зимам в будущем, сообщает Naked Science.

Извержение вулкана произошло 15 января 2022 года. Это событие вызвало цунами, из-за которых погибли два человека в Перу, пропали без вести 150 жителей островов Манго и Атата, а также пострадали три американских рыбака. По словам ученых, это событие привело к выбросу в стратосферу рекордного количества водяного пара и умеренного количества диоксида серы. Попав в сухую стратосферу, он вызвал сложные химические и физические изменения, которые ощущались даже в таких далеких местах, как Европа. Из-за воздействия газов произошли также изменения в атмосферной циркуляции, составе и температуре.

Ученые пришли к выводу, что извержение вулкана Хунга Тонга – Хунга Хаапай существенно изменило радиационный баланс, фотохимию и динамику стратосферы и нижней мезосферы.

Все это, по мнению авторов исследования, может быть причиной, по которой зимы в Европе в последние годы стали холоднее. Так, в начале 2023 года была нестабильной и в некоторых регионах наблюдалась аномально низкая температура. Например, в Ярославле термометр показывал -34.1 градуса, а в Осло средняя температура упала до -12  градусов, что ниже среднего значения за последние 30 лет. По прогнозу исследователей, водный пар будет оказывать влияние и дальше и вернется к нормальным значениям, зафиксированным до извержения, только в 2031 году.

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