Самый странный вулкан мира быстро уходит под землю
SOCIETY
Американские ученые из Университета штата Пенсильвания выяснили, что необычный вулкан Олдоиньо-Ленгаи в Танзании быстро уходит под землю на протяжении последних 10 лет. Исследование опубликовано в научном журнале Geophysical Research Letters (GRL).
Олдоиньо-Ленгаи — единственный в мире вулкан, активно извергающий карбонатитовую лаву — чрезвычайно текучий вид магмы, насыщенный кальцием и натрием, но бедный кремнеземом. В результате карбонатитовая магма льется подобно обычной воде.
Как показали спутниковые данные, Олдоиньо-Ленгаи погружается под землю со скоростью около 3,6 сантиметра в год. С 2013 по 2023 год вулкан высотой 2963 метра стал ниже на 36 сантиметров.
Причиной явления может быть опустевший резервуар, расположенный под одним из двух кратеров огненной горы. Согласно орбитальным снимкам, участок земли вокруг северного жерла вулкана оседает с постоянной скоростью, отметили ученые.
Согласно исследованию, этот резервуар может быть связан с более крупным хранилищем магмы, расположенным на глубине три километра или глубже под вулканом.
Специалисты считают, что в ближайшие годы Олдоиньо-Ленгаи продолжит извергаться и оседать.
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